Media Ethics and National Security: Balancing Freedom of Expression in Nigeria

2025-10-06T01:06:17+00:00

In democratic societies, the relationship between national security and media ethics poses a difficult conundrum, especially in weaker nations like Nigeria where press freedom and security issues frequently clash. How media professionals balance the moral need to inform the public while reducing any risks to national security is examined in this paper. The paper explores the conflicts between defending freedom of expression, a fundamental component of democratic governance, and attending to the demands of national security in the face of terrorism, insurgency, and political instability. It does this by drawing on normative theories of the press and the ethical principles of responsibility, truth, and public interest. It acknowledges situations in which restrictive security measures weakened democratic accountability and restricted press freedom, while simultaneously highlighting instances in which dramatic reporting, disinformation, or unsubstantiated news made insecurity worse. This paper has as its theoretical framework within the context of social responsibility and the framing theories. It was argued that the Boko Haram insurgency serves as a prime example of how media coverage can shape public understanding and government response to security threats. Thus, the role of media in national security is multifaceted, serving as a key player in shaping narratives surrounding security threats. Historical contexts illustrate the evolving role of media in national security debates and policies, notably through coverage of groups like Boko Haram. The paper concludes that ethical journalism is paramount in navigating the complex terrain of national security in Nigeria. As journalists strive to balance freedom of expression with security concerns, the role of media organizations, regulatory bodies, and civil society will be crucial in fostering an environment where ethical standards are upheld.

SIASAT

Media Ethics and National Security: Balancing Freedom of Expression in Nigeria